Pancreatic Surgery Cost in Pune, India

Pancreatic Surgery: Types, Purpose, Procedure, Recovery & More

Pancreatic surgery involves all the surgical procedures performed on the pancreas.

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Treatment Overview

Pancreatic surgery involves all the surgical procedures performed on the pancreas. The pancreas is part of the digestive system. It has two primary roles. It produces enzymes that help in the digestion of food, as well as hormones that help to regulate blood sugar levels and store energy from food.

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Pancreatic Surgery Overview

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What Is The Purpose of Pancreatic Surgery

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What Is The Purpose of Pancreatic Surgery?

Tumors, biliary problems, and pancreatitis are the most common reasons that doctors recommend pancreatic surgery.

Tumors can spread to other parts of your body, and removing them from your pancreas minimizes this risk. Pancreatitis arises when the pancreas becomes inflamed. It can cause severe pain and other complications, signaling the necessity for pancreatic surgery.

Pancreatic surgery can treat a variety of illnesses, including:

  • Pancreatic cancer.
  • Insulinoma is a form of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.
  • Metastatic kidney cancer
  • Pancreatic cysts
  • Severe chronic pancreatitis
  • Blockage of the bile duct

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Types Of Pancreatic Surgery

For Cancer Treatment

Depending on where the tumor is located in the pancreas, various methods of surgery are performed:

  • The Whipple technique (pancreaticoduodenectomy): It is the most common surgery used to remove pancreatic cancer. It is normally performed when a tumor is located in the head of the pancreas and matches other criteria for resection. In a normal surgery, the surgeon removes the pancreas head, the gallbladder, the duodenum, a tiny section of the stomach known as the antrum, the stomach valve, and the surrounding lymph nodes. This surgery usually takes 5-7 hours to take place.
  • Distal pancreatectomy: It is performed when a tumor is located in the body or tail of the pancreas. During this treatment, the surgeon removes the pancreas' body and tail, as well as the spleen.
  • Total pancreatectomy: This is performed when a tumor is located in such a way that the entire pancreas must be removed or when several tumors are scattered throughout the pancreas. Because the entire pancreas is removed during a total pancreatectomy, the patient will be diabetic after surgery and will require insulin to maintain their blood sugar levels.
Palliative Surgeries

Palliative procedures are used to relieve symptoms. They do not require the total excision of the tumor. Palliative surgeries can help relieve jaundice, discomfort, nausea, and vomiting caused by bile duct and/or duodenal blockages.

  • Biliary bypass surgery: It reroutes the flow of bile around a tumor that is blocking the common bile duct. It may also alleviate jaundice.
  • Gastric bypass surgery: This can be performed if a tumor restricts the duodenum, allowing food to pass through the blockage.
  • Stent placement: A stent is a tiny plastic or metal tube used to keep the bile duct, pancreatic duct, or duodenum open. Stent insertion can ease blockages in certain regions and may be used instead of bypass surgery.
Types Of Pancreatic Surgery
Procedure Details Of Pancreatic Surgery

Procedure Details

Before Pancreatic Surgery

You may need to take several steps in the days leading up to surgery. These may include:

  • Testing: Presurgical testing will take place. They will discuss your medical history and current medications with you. Standard medical tests, such as a chest X-ray or EKG, may be required to ensure your fitness for surgery.
  • Quitting: The doctor will also inquire about your current alcohol consumption. It's critical to be honest about this. Alcohol use can result in difficulties during and after surgery. Your healthcare provider can assist you in safely discontinuing use and treating any withdrawal symptoms that arise.
  • Medications: You may be given an antiseptic skin cleanser to use before the surgery. This will assist in preventing bacterial infections following surgery. You may need to discontinue some drugs, such as NSAIDs and blood thinners, a few days before the surgery.

During the Procedure

During surgery, an anesthesiologist administers anesthetic via an IV in the arm, putting the patient to sleep. Various tubes are inserted to support the body, depending on the type of surgery the individual is undergoing. Pancreatic surgeries are usually carried out using open surgery, but minimally invasive procedures such as laparoscopic or robotic surgery are available for easier recovery.

After Pancreatic Surgery

Following surgery, you will be sent to a hospital room, where your healthcare team will monitor your health and vital signs.You'll gradually wean off pain medication, move around more, and transition from liquid to solid foods. Your healthcare team will monitor your digestion and blood glucose levels, adjusting your diet and prescription medications accordingly.

Pancreatic Surgery Procedure

Advantage

Pancreatic surgery offers pain relief, improved digestion, potential cancer treatment, prevention of complications, management of chronic conditions, and improved overall health. It can remove damaged tissue, restore proper digestion, and potentially cure early-stage pancreatic cancer. It also helps control symptoms and prevent future flare-ups in cases of pancreatitis, enhancing overall well-being.

Advantages of Pancreatic surgery

Complications

Possible complications during surgery include bleeding.

Complications of Pancreatic surgery
  • Infection.
  • Blood clots.
  • Anastomotic leakage.
  • Short-term side effects from the surgery could include:
  • Paralytic ileus: Your bowels may not want to move for a few days after surgery. This is normal. You will follow a liquid diet until they are ready to move again.
  • Delayed gastric emptying: Sometimes your stomach may be slow to release food into your intestines. Prokinetic medicines may be required in this situation.
  • Dumping Syndrome: Dumping syndrome may occur if your total pancreatectomy or Whipple's treatment includes the removal and/or reconstruction of the lower region of your stomach (pyloroplasty).This means that your changed pylorus no longer effectively regulates the transit of food from your stomach to your small intestine. Instead, the food all enters at once (rapid gastric emptying). This can result in a range of gastrointestinal problems after eating. It is usually transient and can be treated with diet modifications.
  • Weight loss: Weight loss of 10 to 15 pounds is common following a pancreatectomy for a variety of reasons, including dietary changes and changes in how your digestive system functions. As you and your healthcare practitioner work through these changes, your weight should stabilize.
  • Fatigue: Pancreas surgery may cause you to feel more exhausted than usual.
  • You could experience complications as a result of the removal of other organs during your pancreatic surgery. Some of these include:
  • Diabetes: A partial pancreatectomy can result in the development of diabetes if too many insulin-producing cells are destroyed. This happens in 10% of the cases. A total pancreatectomy will result in diabetes in all cases unless your surgeon can successfully transplant the islet cells. Your healthcare professional will prescribe insulin therapy on a sliding scale based on your needs.
  • Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: Indigestion and malabsorption are common adverse effects of a pancreas that is unable to produce adequate enzymes. This might result in discomfort and diarrhea on one end of the scale and malnutrition on the other. Your healthcare practitioner will recommend pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) based on your needs.
  • Immunity: It can be compromised. If your spleen is removed during a total or distal pancreatectomy, your immunity to some infectious diseases will be compromised. Your spleen is an immune system organ that produces antibodies to help fight infections. When you have your spleen removed, your doctor may recommend specific immunizations to help avoid infections.
  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Changes in metabolism after pancreatic surgery might lead to excessive fat buildup in the liver (steatosis). This does not always create difficulties, but in certain situations, it can result in chronic inflammation of the liver (steatohepatitis) and progressive liver disease.
Pancreatic surgery Complications

Recovery

Pancreatic surgery recovery is a long process, requiring proper care and support. In the hospital, pain management is provided, followed by a gradual transition to a regular diet. Physiotherapy is encouraged to prevent blood clots and promote healing. At home, rest and recovery are crucial, along with a balanced diet and pancreatic enzyme supplements. Pain medication dosage is gradually reduced, and activity restrictions are gradually increased. Wound care is essential, and regular checkups are essential. Emotional well-being is crucial, and lifestyle changes may be necessary. Full recovery typically takes 2–6 months, but it may take longer depending on the person.

Recovery of Pancreatic surgery

Conclusion

Pancreatic surgery is a complicated procedure that can have long-term effects on your digestive system. However, if your healthcare practitioner has recommended a pancreatectomy, it is because they believe the benefits to you are sufficient. Pancreatic surgery may be able to cure a life-threatening or severely limiting condition. Your medical professional will explain the advantages and cons of your condition and help you plan for the best possible outcome.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1:How long does it take to recover after a pancreatectomy?

A: Recovery at home can take four to eight weeks, depending on your pre-operative condition, the extent of the operation, and whether you had minimally invasive or open surgery.

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